Disease Database- R-Z

• Rectal Prolapse
• Rift Valley Fever
• Rinderpest
• Ringworm (Dermatophytosis, Dermatomycosis, Tinea)
• Scours (See Coccidiosis or Diarrhea)
• Scrapie
• Selenium Deficiency (See White Muscle Disease)
• Skin cancer (see Cutaneous neoplasias)
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma (see Cutaneous neoplasias)
• Soremouth (see Contagious Ecthyma)
• Streptothricosis  (See Dermtophilosis)
• Tetanus (lockjaw)  
• Urinary Calculi (see Urithroliasis)
• Urolithiasis (urinary calculi)  
• Uterine Prolapse  
• Warts (see cutaneous neoplasias)
• West Nile Fever (West Nile Virus)
• White Liver Disease (see Cobalt Deficiency)
• White Muscle Disease (Selenium deficiency)
• Zinc Deficiency

Rectal Prolapse

(Source: Haskell, Small Ruminant Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy at p. 282.)

Penn State Disease Image Gallery http://www.das.psu.edu/goats/health/gallery/

Causative Agent:  Straining due to coughing from pneumonia, cystitis, a weak anal sphincter, being overweight, feeding uphill, having diarrhea, straining during pregnancy and after lying down for a prolonged period.  It occurs most commonly in kids 6-12 mo. of age, mainly in the summer.  In adults, it most often occurs during birthing, or anytime the animal is straining.

Clinical Signs:   Tissue protruding from rectum.  Poor appetite.

Treatment:  Slaughter the animal, or treat the underlying disease, and then clean the prolapse, use salt or topical lasix to reduce it's size, then give epidural anesthesia and a local lidocaine infusion so you can push the prolapse back in and add sutures to keep it in place.. 

Prevention:  

Contagious To Humans: no

Contagious to Other Goats: no

Links:

Rift Valley Fever

Causative Agent:

Clinical Signs:  

Treatment:  

Prevention:  

Contagious To Humans:

Contagious to Other Goats: 

Links:

Rinderpest

Causative Agent:

Clinical Signs:

Treatment:  

Prevention:

Contagious To Humans:

Contagious to Other Goats: 

Links:

Rinderpest Fact Sheet http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/Rinderpest.pdf

Rinderpest Power Point Slide Show http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/ppt/Rinderpest.ppt

Rinderpest Speaker's Notes http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/notes/Rinderpest.pdf

Rinderpest Vaccine http://apps.cfsph.iastate.edu/Vaccines/disease_list.php?diseaseID=55

Rinderpest Images http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/ImageDB/imagesRP.htm

Ringworm (Dermatophytosis, Dermatomycosis, Tinea)

Causative Agent: Dermatophytes

Clinical Signs: Bald spots on neck, face, ears, limbs, scrotum, with scaling, redness and crusts.

Treatment: Isolate animal.  Treat with Lime sulphur 2-5% or Iodophor, as total body sprays or daily shampoos, for 5 days, then weekly thereafter. 

Captain 3% is effective, but can’t be used on food animals.  Topical iodine ointment and Thiabendazole paste can be used on small lesions.  Griseofulvin can be used at a dose of 20 mg./kg daily for 1-2 weeks by mouth, but not in food animals.

Homemade treatment:

1 lb. of petrolatum jelly
20 grams of Thiabendazole
15 ml isopropyl alcohol
Liquefy the Vaseline, stir in powder, and add the alcohol. Makes approx. 4% ointment. (Gasparotto)

Prevention: Isolate animals at first sign and keep isolated until completely cured.  Occurs in dark, dirty environment.  Expose to light and sun.  Keep barn clean.

Contagious To Humans: Yes.  Wear gloves.

Contagious to Other Goats: Yes.  Treat any animals that have come into contact with the affected animal.

Links:

Scours (See Coccidiosis or Diarrhea)

Scrapie

Causative Agent:  

Clinical Signs:  

Treatment:  

Prevention: 

Contagious To Humans:

Contagious to Other Goats: 

Links:

Selenium Deficiency (See White Muscle Disease)

Skin cancer (see Cutaneous neoplasias)

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (see Cutaneous neoplasias)

Soremouth (see Contagious Ecthyma)

Streptothricosis  (See Dermtophilosis)

Tetanus (lockjaw)  

Causative Agent: clostridium

Clinical Signs: muscular rigidity, convulsions, abnormal sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli. Once animal goes down, death occurs in 24-36 hours.  

In kids, seen within 4 days of disbudding.  Also after castration.  Seen in adult doe several months after a difficult birth. Also seen with injuries or surgical procedures..

Treatment: Treatment is very expensive and may not work: (High doses of antibiotics, high doses of tetanus antitoxins, wound therapy, fluids and IVs).

Prevention: Readily prevented with cleanliness and vaccination.  Kids: use vaccines at disbudding and castration 150-250 units of tetanus antitoxin.  Adults: use 500-750 units of tetanus antitoxin after being wounded, having a difficult delivery or after surgical procedures.

Contagious To Humans: Yes.

Urinary Calculi (see Urithroliasis)

Uterine Prolapse  

(Summarized from Herd Health management Practices For Goat Production.   Seyedmehdi Mobini, DVM, MS)

    Penn State Disease Image Gallery http://www.das.psu.edu/goats/health/gallery/

Uterine Prolapse       Closeup view

Causative Agent: Anything that causes prolonged straining, such as chronic coughing or diarrhea.

Clinical Signs: Rectum protrudes outside the body.  It is bright pink in early stages.  If untreated can lead to prolapse of entire intestinal tract and death from shock.

Treatment: Slaughter is recommended.  Valuable animals can be treated by amputating exposed tissue, but the goat should not be used for breeding. 

Prevention: Early treatment of conditions that might cause the animal to strain.

Contagious To Humans: no

Contagious to Other Goats: no

Warts (see cutaneous neoplasias)

West Nile Fever (West Nile Virus)

(Summarized from  )

Causative Agent:  

Clinical Signs:  

Treatment:  

Prevention:  

Contagious To Humans:

Contagious to Other Goats: 

Links:

West Nile Fever Power Point Slide Show www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/ppt/WestNile.ppt

West Nile Fever Speakers Notes http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/diseaseinfo/notes/WestNileFever.pdf

White Liver Disease (see Cobalt Deficiency)

White Muscle Disease (Selenium deficiency)

Causative Agent:  

Clinical Signs:  

Treatment:  

Prevention:  

Contagious To Humans:

Contagious to Other Goats: 

Links:

White Muscle Disease  http://www.sheepandgoat.com/news/feb2004.html#WMD and http://www.sheepandgoat.com/articles/WMD.html.

Copper and Selenium Deficiency http://cahfs.ucdavis.edu/disease_pdfs/copperselenium.pdfl

Zinc Deficiency

(Summarized from Herd Health management Practices For Goat Production. Seyedmehdi Mobini, DVM, MS, and Goat Medicine, Smith and Sherman (1994) p. 104.)

Causative Agent:   Deficiency of zinc

Clinical Signs:  Weight loss.  Bald patches, itching, a thick crust on the back of the leg, face and ears, dandruff, stiff joints, hoof deformities, and small testes, reduced libido (sex drive).  Appears very similar to ringworm.  Diagnosed by skin biopsy.

Treatment:  Give 250 mg. zinc sulfate by mouth, daily for 4 weeks (*3) 

Prevention: Add mineral mix to the daily ration, and put mineral feeders in each pen.

Contagious To Humans: no

Contagious to Other Goats: no